Tip: To see all the messages you can send to a column, go to Help > Scripting Index > Data Table > Column Scripting.
For example, using Big Class.jmp, the following lines create Ycol as a column reference for weight, and Xcol as a column reference for height. The last line sends a message to Xcol to get the data type.
dt = Open( "$SAMPLE_DATA/Big Class.jmp" );
Ycol = Column( "weight" );
Xcol = Column( "height" );
Xcol << Get Data Type;