JMP platforms and statistical methods

Graph Builder:
Line graph, heat map

Bubble Plot:
Dynamic scatterplot

Formula Editor:
Creating new variables

Objective

Use a variety of data visualization techniques to analyze global daily temperature records from 1940 through 2025. Explore long-term climate trends, seasonal patterns, and temperature anomalies to help describe how Earth’s temperature has changed.

Problem statement

Since the late 18th century, when the Industrial Era began, Earth’s average temperature has steadily increased. Human activities – particularly the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and large-scale industrialization – have released vast amounts of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These gases intensify the greenhouse effect, trapping additional heat and driving long-term warming.

Although temperature patterns have varied across regions and time periods, the overall global trend is unmistakable. Over the past century, warming has been persistent, and in recent decades it has accelerated significantly. Each decade since the 1970s has been warmer than the one before, underscoring the pace of change.

This rise in global temperature has far-reaching consequences. Glaciers and ice caps are melting, sea levels are rising, and extreme weather events – such as heatwaves, storms, and droughts – are becoming more frequent and severe. These changes are also disrupting ecosystems, threatening biodiversity, and altering natural habitats worldwide.

Copernicus, the European Union’s climate monitoring service, compiles temperature data from a wide range of sources. By processing and consolidating this information into daily global averages, the dataset provides a clear and accessible way to track and analyze changes in Earth’s temperature over time.