Appendixes | | Glossary

Glossary
In the context of a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) , mapping of a Gene for a particular Trait or disease is performed by detecting significant associations between the trait and marker Genotype .
Binary Trait Locus (BTL)
Note : A high LD does not imply that loci are physically linked.
An association (either positive or negative) between alleles can occur even if the loci are not located on the same Chromosome , provided other factors affecting the Population (directional selection, for example) are in effect.
1. If P , then Q .
1. The division of more than one data set by a shared Variable to remove the effects of that variable from the data. By bringing the data to a common scale, data originating from different scales can be properly compared.
- 25 th percentile = first quartile = Q 1
- 50 th percentile = second quartile = median = Q 2
- 75 th percentile = third quartile = Q 3
- A group of Organism s capable of interbreeding, resulting in fertile offspring.
- A group of Organism s belonging to the same taxonomic rank by means of an arbitrarily sufficient similarity in morphology, ecological niche, or genomic content.
If only one Variable is chosen (one-sample t-test ), the null hypothesis is that “the population mean is equal to the given mean”.

1
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2
Mehrotra DV, Heyse JH. (2004) Use of the false discovery rate for evaluating clinical safety data. Statistical Methods in Medical Research 13:227-238.

3
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4
Evans SJW, Waller PC, Davis S. (2001) Use of proportional reporting ratios (PRRs) for signal generation from spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 10:483-486.

5
Meyboom RHB, Egberts ACG, Edwards IR, Hekster YA, de Koning FHP, Gribnau FWJ. (1997) Principles of signal detection in pharmacovigilance. Drug Safe 16: 355–365.