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For background on the structure of covering arrays and algorithms for computing them, see Colbourn (2004), Colbourn et al. (2011), Hartman and Raskin (2004), and Martirosyan (2003). For details about covering arrays with restrictions on factor levels, see Cohen et al. (2007) and Morgan (2009).
A covering array of strength t is a design that tests all combinations of t factor level settings. Consider an interaction defined by specific settings for k factors. If failures occur for all tests involving that interaction, then that interaction detects a failure. Using this terminology, a strength t design enables you to detect failures associated with any interaction of up to t factors.
In the literature, covering arrays are also referred to as factor covering designs. For background and details, see Yilmaz et al. (2014), Cohen et al. (2003), and Dalal and Mallows (1998).
Figure 20.2 A Resolution III Design with Strength 2
However, the 6-run design in Figure 20.3 is also a strength 2 covering array:
Figure 20.3 Strength 2 Covering Array

Help created on 3/19/2020