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Design of Experiments Guide > Prospective Sample Size and Power > Counts per Unit Calculator > Statistical Details for the Counts per Unit Calculator
Publication date: 11/10/2021

Statistical Details for the Counts per Unit Calculator

Calculations for the counts per unit calculator are based on applying a normal approximation to the Poisson distribution. The test uses the following hypothesis:

Equation shown here

The above hypothesis uses the following test statistic:

Equation shown here

where n is the sample size and Equation shown here is the mean number of defects per unit in the sample. We assume T to be approximately normally distributed. The power calculation is based on the distribution of T under the null and alternative hypotheses.

Equation shown here

where Φ() is the standard normal cumulative distribution function and Z1-p is the (1 - p)th quantile of the standard normal distribution.

Using 1 - β to denote the desired power to reject the null hypothesis, the sample size is calculated as follows:

Equation shown here

Because an analytical solution for δ does not exist, numerical methods are used to solve for δ given power and n.

For more information about calculations in JMP, see Barker (2011, Section 2.5).

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