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Publication date: 01/13/2026

Statistical Details for Standardized Scores and Loadings

This section describes the calculations of the standardized scores and loadings in the Partial Least Squares platform.

Consider the following notation:

• ntr is the number of observations in the training set.

• m is the number of effects in X.

• k is the number of responses in Y.

• VarXi is the percent variation in X explained by the ith factor.

• VarYi is the percent variation in Y explained by the ith factor.

• XScorei is the vector of X scores for the ith factor.

• YScorei is the vector of Y scores for the ith factor.

• XLoadi is the vector of X loadings for the ith factor.

• YLoadi is the vector of Y loadings for the ith factor.

Standardized Scores

The vector of ith Standardized X Scores is defined as follows:

Equation shown here

The vector of ith Standardized Y Scores is defined as follows:

Equation shown here

Standardized Loadings

The vector of ith Standardized X Loadings is defined as follows:

Equation shown here

The vector of ith Standardized Y Loadings is defined as follows:

Equation shown here

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